This is a specific care sheet for Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus), for more in this genus see Category:Melopsittacus.
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Introduction
The Budgerigar or Common Pet Parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus), often called a Budgie or Parakeet, is a small parrot and the only species in the Australian genus Melopsittacus. The Budgie is usually a grey and yellow bird with black markings on the wings and shoulders. Extensive breeding of the Budgerigar has resulted in many more colour variations appearing. Now Budgerigars can be seen in blue, yellow or all white, or a combination of these. In the wild the diet of the budgerigar is predominately seed based. It has survived in the harsh conditions of the Australian dessert for millions of years and is closely related to fig parrots and lories. In America it is most commonly known as the parakeet, however, this is a generic name for any small, flat, long tailed parrot.
Housing
Budgies can be housed both indoors and outdoors. If your pet budgie is to be housed indoors then a large wire cage with a plastic base is the most suitable option. The cage should include horizontal bars to allow the bird to climb, this means that most round cages on the market are not suitable. Bars should be no wider than 12mm apart to prevent escape. Budgies kept indoors should be allowed daily exercise, make sure all windows and doors are closed when you do this. Also covering the cage at night time will help your budgie settle down and sleep properly. If the bird is to be housed outside then a purpose built aviary is often best. There should be adequate room for the bird to fly around freely. Bathing is also important for your budgie, a shallow bowl of water placed in the cage is often adequate, however, some birds prefer to be lightly sprayed with water. Plenty of toys should also be made available, especially if your budgie is housed alone, this will help keep them entertained.
Feeding
In the wild budgies survive on a basic diet of seeds, vegetation and grains. For a basic diet a high quality seed mix is suitable although diet supplements are still required.
Some of the whole cereals and whole grains that are suitable for budgies include: amaranth, barley, couscous, flax, whole-grain pastas, oat, quinoa, whole-wheat, wild-rice, whole rice.
Cuttlefish is an important part of the diet as it acts a vitamin supplement, environmental enrichment and also helps grind the beak down. Plenty of fresh drinking water should constantly be made available and treats may be given such as small pieces of fresh fruit. Some foods can have a harmful effect on your budgie so avoid giving them lettuce, lemon, potato, avocado, potato and any sweets or drinks specifically for humans.
Example of an indoor Budgie cage
Exercise
Budgies are inquisitive and intelligent birds who enjoy climbing and playing. They also need stimulating both mentally and physically so toys are essential. Budgies can also be taught to mimic sounds and phrases and even talk. This can be done by the same person repeating words and phrases. A bird kept in solidarity will need plenty of attention every day, much more than groups or pairs of birds.
Handling
Budgies can become quite tame however it is essential that they are trained from an early age but only by one person. The first step is to ensure the bird gets used to being stroked inside its cage. This can be done using a stick or perch, not your hands. Start by gently stroking its chest a couple of times a day, then encourage it to jump or walk onto the stick. Repeat the whole process through the door of the cage instead of through the bars. Finally, repeat again, using your hands this time instead of the stick. This is a slow and gradual process that may take several weeks but is usually effective.
To pick up your Budgie, ensure your palm covers its back and wings while your middle and index finger surround the bird’s neck. Be very gentle as Budgies will bite if they feel stressed or threatened. If you are catching a bird in an aviary you should use a padded rim net and never try to catch it in mid flight, always wait until the bird is safely on it’s perch.
A Plum Parakeet
Breeding
Budgies can begin mating when they are about a year old and will produce a clutch of 4-6 eggs in about 18-21 days. Breeding budgies requires a large commitment of time and effort. It is recommended that you therefore seek expert advice and do extensive research before considering keeping a breeding pair and only if you’re certain you can find good homes for the offspring.
Tips for a happy healthy Budgie Community
Budgies can be kept alone but prefer the company of other budgies. They can be kept in pairs (hens with cocks) although either sex should be fine. For larger aviaries it is usually best to keep more hens than cocks, otherwise the cock birds may begin to fight in a territorial dispute. You can also mix pairs of Budgies with other small parakeets, although if you are keeping the birds in a breeding aviary you shouldn’t mix more than two species.
Health
Budgies can catch Scaly Beak which is a contagious condition that requires immediate treatment by a vet. If you are concerned about any aspect of your Budgie’s health, seek advice from an Avian veterinarian. For a healthy and happy life, your Budgie needs the following:
- A good quality, balanced and consistent diet.
- Plenty of toys to keep them stimulated.
- Water bottle and feed bowls cleaned daily.
- Their nails clipped several times a year – ask your vet for advice.
- A daily bath – essential for their preening activities.
- Regular exercise outside their cage.